Health Priorities in Australia Essay

1. Using measures of epidemiology, investigate the health status of Australians. Health status is a holistic concept that is determined by more than the presence or absence of any disease. It is often summarised by life expectancy or self-assessed health status, and more broadly includes measures of functioning, physical illness, and mental wellbeing. Epidemiology is the study of disease in groups or populations through the collection of data and information, to identify patterns and causes. The measures of epidemiology are: Mortality- refers to the number of deaths in a given population from a particular cause and/or over a period of time. Infant Mortality- refers to the number of infant deaths in the first year of life, per 1,000 live births. Morbidity- is the incidence or level of illness, disease or injury in a given population. Life Expectancy- is the length of time a person can expect to live. More specifically, it refers to the average number of years of life remaining to a person at a particular age, based on current death rates. In Australia, the median age of death among the entire population in 2007 was 80.5 years old. In 2011 that statistic had risen to 81.5 years old, an increase of one year to the average life. In both years the leading cause of death among Australians was circulatory diseases (diseases of the heart and blood vessels) and the second leading cause in both years was cancer. Although the percentage of cancer deaths rose from 29.2% proportion of totals deaths to 29.8% and the percentage of circulatory disease deaths dropped from 33.8% of the populations deaths down to 31%. In the past 100 years the infant mortality rate as decreased by 95%, from more than one in ten deaths in the first year of life (100+ deaths per 1000 live births) to one in 200 deaths in the first year of life (5 deaths per 100 live births). This can be attributed to improved health education, public sanitation, improved medical diagnosis and improved support services for parents and new born babies. Most infant mortalities are caused by congenital malformations which are structural or functional anomalies which are present at the birth of a child, preventative causes of this disease are  improving the diet of women through their reproductive years, avoiding exposure to harsh environmental substances and improving vaccinations and health education. Information about the incidence and prevalence of the total population gives a broader perspective on the nation’s health than just the mortality statistics. Australia’s population has a lowering incidence of asthma and rising survival rate of cancer although since 1984 the incidence of five major cancers has risen (Breast, Prostrate, Melanoma, Colorectal and Lung) and a report from SMH in 2008 shows 7.4 million people are overweight or obese and the prevalence of diabetes climbs rapidly, along with these problems the amount of people affected by STI’s has risen to more than 230 per 100,000 people. According to AIHW (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare) Australia is one of the healthiest nations in the world although Indigenous Australians lag behind in their health status. Australians live the second longest lives in world, behind Japan. The average Australian citizen will live to be 81.4 years old. And trends indicate that the expectancy of males and females is growing, since 2000 the life expectancy of males has grown from 77.4 years old to 79.7 years old, an increase of 2.3 years. The life expectancy of females since 2000 has grown from 82.6 up to 84.2, an increase of 1.6 years. This increase in the life expectancy of Australian residents indicates that their health is improving, with the help of increased knowledge and improved health services. Taking all of this information into account, using measures of epidemiology, the health status of Australians can be said to be relatively good compared with that of other nations. The improved health services and new discoveries in the health sector along with increased knowledge about health from the population also indicates that the health status of Australians may be improving. 2. Explain how health promotion, based on the Ottawa Charter, reflects social justice principles. Health promotion is a combination of science, medicine, practical skills and beliefs aimed at maintaining and improving the health of all people. The Ottawa Charter for health promotion promotes social justice as it incorporates the idea of giving all members of  the community access to health services and attempts to rule out inequities in differing communities. The Ottawa Charter does this through its five action areas: Building Healthy Public Policy, Create Supportive Environments, Strengthen Community Action, Develop Personal Skills and Reorient Health Services. All five of these action areas provide a building block for health promotions. The four principles of social justice are: Equity, Access, Participation and Rights. The way equity is reflected in health promotion based on the Ottawa Charter is through the action areas Building Healthy Public Policy, Create Supportive Environments and Reorient Health Services as these three areas bring together people onto an equal level and give specific help to those who need it, creating equity in communities. Access is reflected in health promotion based on the Ottawa Charter t hrough the action area Reorient Health Services, as this area of the charter aims to bring together health services, governing bodies and other health professionals in an attempt to give more adequate access to health services to those who need it. Also reflected is Participation, which can be based on the Ottawa Charter action areas through Building Healthy Public Policy, Strengthen Community Action and Develop Personal Skills. This can be known as empowering the communities and bringing the communities the education and information needed to know more about their own health. Lastly, Rights is reflected in health promotion through the action areas Create Supportive Environments and Reorient Health Services as they attempt to give equitable opportunities for good health to all individuals. With these four social justice principles reflected in health promotion, the overall health of Australia can be improved, examples of this include: ‘Quit for you – Quit for two’ which promotes to pregnant women who smoke, who if they ceased their habit would be creating a more equal life for their expectant child and give them the right for an opportunity to good health. Another example would be the ‘Swap it’ campaign which aims at developing personal skills while creating equity through smart food choices. 3. Critically analyse how the action areas of the Ottawa Charter address Australia’s health priorities through ONE health promotion initiative. â€Å"Slip Slop Slap Seek Slide† Campaign by the Cancer Council of Australia was created in 1980 and revolved around Sid the Seagull who gave a constant reminder of the easy ways that the population of Australia would be able to avoid skin cancer; slip on a shirt, slop on sunscreen and slap on a hat. 27 year later the ad was upgraded to include; seek shade and slide on sunnies, thus creating the â€Å"Slip Slop Slap Seek Slide† song. The campaign aims to lower the prevalence and incidence of skin cancers in Australia. The action areas of the Ottawa Charter address Australia’s health priorities through this campaign. The action areas are: Building Healthy Public Policy, Create Supportive Environments, Strengthen Community Action, Develop Personal Skills and Reorient Health Services. Building Healthy Public Policy- Policies have been created due to increased awareness attributed to the â€Å"Slip Slop Slap Seek Slide† campaign; a commonly known policy would be the â€Å"No Hat, No Play† policy used in schools. This is used by teachers to protect children from skin cancer risks in the playground. Advantages of this would be that children will be increasingly protected and parents are given peace of mind, and no noticeable disadvantages are created by this policy. Create Supportive Environments- A noticeable environment change caused by the increased awareness of skin cancers would the addition of shaded areas to many public places. This creates an environment for the public population that is protected from harmful Ultraviolet sun rays. An advantage of this are that people can be outside but protected from skin cancer risks while a disadvantage would be that most of these shaded areas come at the expense of nature, eg- destruction of trees and/or other natural features. Strengthen Community Action- Two initiatives related to the ‘Slip Slop Slap† would be the introduction of Cancer Centres to many rural areas and the Relay for Life, which is about raising funds for the Cancer Council. These two initiatives can create awareness of skin cancer, while the former can save lives. Only advantages are created by these two initiatives, which are; increased knowledge, funds gained for research and practical use, the ability to detect cancers and save lives. Develop Personal Skills- The campaign of â€Å"Slip Slop Slap Seek Slide† uses a jingle to educate the Australian population. The TV ad itself is an educational video, which creates awareness of skin cancers in Australia. This leads to increased knowledge of how to protect yourself and others from skin cancers. An advantage of this is that the Australian public is being educated in their own home by the TV, although a disadvantage is that they do not know that  they are being directly educated. Reorient Health Services- A health service which has become operational due to increased awareness of skin cancers is the Skin Cancer @ Bondi checks, where on the beach at Bondi you can have a skin cancer check. This leads to a safer beach, as beachgoers can be precautious and have a skin cancer check. Advantages of this are that the population can be on the beach and get their skin checked at the same time as well as not have to book into a skin cancer centre for the check. A disadvantage may be that the check may not be a thorough as one performed in a more professional environment. Overall, the introduction of the â€Å"Slip Slop Slap† campaign and the readjustment to â€Å"Slip Slop Slap Seek Slid e† campaign has increased the awareness and knowledge of skin cancers in Australia. The action areas of the Ottawa Charter are relevant to the campaign and Australia’s health priorities.

Criminal Law Evaluation Paper Essay

Prepare a 700- to 1,050-word paper in which you address all of the following items:  · Examine the sources and purposes of criminal law.  · Identify and explain jurisdiction to create and enforce criminal law.  · Discuss the adversarial system and standards of proof in criminal cases.  · Discuss and differentiate the concepts of criminal liability and accomplice liability.  · Define 3 types of inchoate offenses (e.g., Solicitation, conspiracy, and attempt) AND link them to elements of one specific crime (ie, burglary or murder), with hypothetical examples of each. Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines. Format your paper according to APA standards, and include level headings throughout the paper itself. (See Sample APA Paper in the Center for Writing Excellence if you are not familiar with these types of headings–https://ecampus.phoenix.edu/secure/aapd/CWE/pdfs/APA6thWritingStyleSamplePaperV8.pdf). Limit your outside (ie, other than the textbooks for this  class) sources to two, total. Any time you have a test the next day, finish your night by reviewing your notes. This can actually help you remember important information while you sleep. Your brain will help fill in the gaps of missing pieces of knowledge  so that you’ll find that you understand more information in the morning.

Anti-Aging Compare

Women's Anti-Aging Products The flirts ant-aging product for women that I researched was LOLA Total Effects 7-Len-l Anta-Slang Moisturizer Mature Skin Therapy. The product weights 1. 07 oz and can be purchased at C.V. for $18. 99. The target audience of this product is a woman who is currently undergoing menopause because, according to the package, during this process skin ages twice its normal rate. Hence its name, the product offers 7 services; line minimization, intense moisture, skin tone enhancement, exfoliation, pore refinement, free radical defense and subtle lifting. This product is part of Lay's Total Effects system.Of course for the best results they want you to purchase their other matching products such as their Total Effects cleanser. According to www. Wisped. Org, the Lola brand has an annual net sale of over 1 billion dollars and belong to parent company Proctor and Gamble. The second female anti-aging product that I researched was AVENUE Active Naturals Positively Rad iant Ann-wrinkle Cream which retails for $15. 99 for 1. 7 oz at C.V.. According to its packaging, this formula has been clinically proven to soften fine lines and wrinkles as well as Improve skin texture by using natural Ingredients such as soy.The target audience of his product could not be specifically located. Much Like Lola, Avenue recommends pairing this product with other Avenue active natural products. Avenue belongs to parent company Johnson and Johnson. The last anti-aging product for women that I researched is Burst's Bees Radiance Night Creme which retails for 14. 99 for jazz at C.V.. This product claims to use powerful ingredients found in nature, such as Royal Jelly, which will stimulate cellular renewal In skin and also diminish fine lines. Royal Jelly Is what worker bees feed their queen and consists of several essential amino acids and vitamins such as A, C and E.There was no target audience listed within the product description so I went to www. Burgesses. Com to in vestigate more. I did not find a specific audience there either but I did read testimonials for women who praised the product for not being harsh on their skin like other anti-aging products. The product follows the Beret's Bee tradition of not being tested on animals and is also 99. 02% natural. The Beret's Bees Incorporation was bought by the Color Company In 2007. Men's Anti-Slang Products The first men's anti;aging product that I researched was Men's Expert Vita Lift Anti- Wrinkle and Firming Moisturizer by L'Oreal.This product retails at $10. 49 for 1. 6 oz. This product targets male consumers who wish to combat tired skin and wrinkles associated with aging who are in their ass. The two key ingredients to the product are Pro-Retinal and Par-Lastly. According to the package, the products full results can be seen after 4 weeks of dally use. Much like some of the women's products I researched, this product Is part of a system that Includes other Items such as a face wash. This pro duct is made by L'Oreal Paris which is owned by the L'Oreal Group which is the largest cosmetics business in the world.The second men's anti-aging reduce that I researched was Naive for men Revitalization Lotion QUO which retails for $8. 99 at C.V.. Although is product is an anti-aging product, the word wrinkle never appears in It's packaging but replaced with words Like tired or stressed skin. The product utilizes anta-slang component commence QUIZ wince Is naturally Tuna In ten skin. No specific audience was outright targeted in the labeling. Naive is owned by Beresford, a company based out of Germany. The last men's anti-aging product for men that I researched was Nitrogen Men Triple Protect Face Lotion which retails for $7. 09 at drugstore. Mom. C.V. was limited to its men's anti-aging products so I had to look to other sources. This product had the most simplistic information packaging, even for a men's product. The product states it will â€Å"defend† skin by reducing t he appearance of lines and rough texture for healthier skin. The product does not specifically list how the product works. Nitrogen is owned by the Johnson and Johnson Company. Women's Anti-Aging Procedures Bottom injection is an anti-aging procedure which the doctor performs right in his/her office. Bottom works by paralyzing facial muscles which, if left to contract, would cause wrinkles.The age of the typical Bottom patient is a person between the ages of 35 to 60. The full results of the treatment can be seen in a week and lasts approximately three to five months. In the year 2007 there were more than 1. 6 million Bottom injections. The cost of the procedure can vary in price due to reasons such as severity of wrinkles , region and doctor but a patient can expect to pay anywhere from $125 to $400 for treatment. Although this procedure can be done on both men and women, I choose to select it for the women's category due to the simple fact that the website where I found my informa tion for the procedure, unrealistically. Mom, had an image of a woman on the Bottom page. The next procedure for women which I researched was the chemical peel. Chemical peels are used to remedy conditions such as fine lines, wrinkles and age spots on the hands, neck and face. The ideal peel candidate has fair skin and suffers from the previous conditions commonly associated with sun damage and aging. A chemical peel is not a solution for a person trying to rid themselves of deep wrinkles. The actual procedure involves putting a chemical, such as glycol or salicylic acid, to wound the skin in order for fresh younger' skin to grow in its place.The cost of a peel coincides with the severity of the desired results. The most popular is a ‘mild' one which costs approximately $150 – $300. â€Å"Deep† chemical peels can cost as much as $6000. According to the American Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, in 2003 facial peels generated a gross of $578,118,755 Just in th e US. Radiometry is the last procedure for women which I researched. Radiometry, or the facilitate as it is more commonly known, is a procedure used to surgically remove wrinkles minored for the patient to look years younger.The average facilitate patient is between 40-50 years old but the reoccurred can be performed on a patient as old as 70. There are a variety of facilitate procedures but the most common is appropriately called the traditional facilitate. During the procedure the surgeon makes an incision along the hairline by the ear. The process can involve redistributing fat and removing excess skin. The trademark of the traditional facilitate is the tightening of the facial skin by pulling it back behind the ears. The average facilitate will set a patient back approximately $7000 with the majority of that money going to the surgeon for his/her fee.Men's Anti-Aging Procedures. Hair transplantation is a procedure for men in which hair follicles from the back and side of the hea d, which are resistant to balding, are removed and relocated to a tangling spot. I en Ideal conflate Tort anal transplantation Is a man won NAS tangling hair. The procedure itself involves a series of grafts. The session can be a onetime event or require a series of visits. The number of grafts required ranger from an average 1500-4000 with a rate of approximately $5 each. Thus the total cost of the procedure can run anywhere from $6000-14000, depending on the severity of baldness and the rate of the doctor.Men can expect to go back to work with a few days after the procedure. Women are not the only sex that can benefit from a facilitate. Men go under the knife for this procedure hoping for the same results. While a face free of wrinkles can be obtained I did find a very interesting and humorous piece of information on the male facilitate. One of the consequences of the male face lift is that during the morning ritual of shaving, one might have to shave areas they didn't before. Ski n with hair follicles is pulled behind the ears. Simply put, you can grow a beard behind your ears if you don't shave.In Dry. George Leftovers' Manhattan office, a facilitate will set back the patient $9000-$12500 and they can expect to be back at work within 1-2 weeks. According to an article about men and plastic surgery on WebMD. Com, the most popular cosmetic procedure for men is boilerplate's, better known as eyelid surgery. The procedure corrects sagging, puffiness and excess skin around the eyes which are commonly caused by aging. The WebMD article also states that businessmen are most likely to undergo the operation to increase their confidence and to keep up with younger male competitors. In Dry.George Leftovers' Manhattan office, an eyelid procedure will set the patient back anywhere between $3500-$7000 dollars and they can expect to be back at work in approximately one week. Anti-Aging Products outside the US market in the Western World The first anti-aging product that I reached which had to be absent from the US market was Grainier Lift Anti-Wrinkle Firming Night Cream. The product can be bought in Canada and has the suggested retail price of 14,99$. According to the Canadian Grainier website this product will help improves skins elasticity due to natural extracts such as cherry and lubberly.I stumbled across this product after going to the Grainier website, clicking on the Canada site and taking an online quiz posing as Barbara, a 45 year old smoker who lives in the country. The quiz matched me with the product so I am going to assume that the target consumer would be in her ass. The only Grainier skin care line Nutritionists is available in the US. Grainier is a division of the L'Oreal Group. The second anti-aging product that I reached which had to be absent from the US market was also a Grainier Lift product. I investigated the Grainier Ultraist Reinforced LiftingProgram by accessing Granger's I-J website. As mentioned before, the only Grainie r skincare product available in the US is Nutritionists. The Grainier Ultraist Reinforced Lifting program has two parts. The first part of the program involves applying a peeling solution to the face with cotton wool for five minutes. The website states that you are not to rinse the product. The next part of the program is to apply an anti- wrinkle cream with an SSP of 15. The website also gives the consumer a warning that although the product is designed to leave the skin feeling firm it does not actually rim or lift the skin.As mentioned before Grainier is a division of L'Oreal. The last anti-aging product that I discovered outside the US market was another Grainier product . Grainier Re-De TTY Night cream retails at SSL /. Y at Australian online drugstore pharmacy. Com. AU. The only other valuable information on the website is that the product contains ml. According to Granger's Australian website the product is geared towards mature skin with deep wrinkles. The most interesting claim is that this product will help plump up thin skin. Again, Grainier is a division of L'Oreal.Anti-aging products not available to the US market found in Asia This part of the research was definitely the most straining. In the beginning of this project I was trying to process too much information and now I find myself trying to process not enough. At the Chinese website for Grainier I discovered one solitary line for anti- aging called Aqua Defense. I cannot read Chinese characters but it would appear that this product helps erase and prevent age spots. Next I went to the Japanese L'Oreal Paris website and discovered an anti-aging product called Revivalist White.I an read Japanese as well as I can read Chinese so I put the product through a search engine and found the product for sale on eBay in Malaysia. This product is exclusive to Asia and has two functions, to whiten the skin and to increase firmness. The last product that I researched was also a L'Oreal brand called UP Perf ect. Once again due to the language barrier and lack of information posted on the web in English I cannot go into great detail about this product but I can say that it's a top selling product in Taiwan due to the large â€Å"#1† next to the product on the weapon and that it has an SSP of 50!

Discussion about the Apple Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion about the Apple - Research Paper Example However, it must also be noted that Apple Inc. seeks to manage the supply and demand of their products by only producing a certain level of initial offerings as a means of stirring up a greater level of interest and support among potential clients. The firm has determined that it is more profitable to encourage individuals with an understanding that the exclusivity of the product in its entry phase is part of the overall appeal. Lastly, with regards to how the US government impacts upon a company such as Apple, it can be said that the relatively high levels of taxation that exist within the United States in conjunction with the exponentially higher labor costs have encouraged Apple to seek out third-party nations to assemble and partially developed their products. Although the ethics of this remaining question, the role and extent to which the United States government has acted in encouraging firms such as Apple to seek out the highest level of profitability possible is measurable in such a

Asssignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Asssignment - Essay Example For example, food, air, and water are physiological needs. One needs to have these essentials of life in order to survive. Only after one remains alive can one struggle to be safe. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory is suitable to be used mostly because all human needs can generally be placed in one of the five basic needs’ levels identified by Maslow. The best part of this theory is that it explains that if an employee is not displaying best performance, there can be certain underlying factors that may not necessarily be directly related to the workplace that need to be addressed first. Another very good feature of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory is that it places the five needs in different levels, each having its own level of importance. This helps the management streamline its efforts to address workers’ needs according to their priority as suggested by the pyramid. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs guides management on how to reward individual employees depending upon which level of need different employees find unmet and are motivated

Ethical Code of Conduct Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ethical Code of Conduct - Case Study Example The case study "Ethical Code of Conduct" talks about an ethical code of conduct which exists at least in every profession. In the accounting profession, for instance, every accounting officer has to abide by the rules and ethical principles of accounting. An accountant must maintain his loyalty to the ethical provisions. Every accountant has to ensure that no one influences him to do something that would be unethical no matter the circumstances. The reason for this is that the result may be as stated earlier, criminal and ethical violations and also may be detrimental to many others who have interests in the company. In the case of Northstar Company, the accountant is faced with an ethical issue. He has to increase expenses arbitrarily for no justifiable reasons that would also affect everyone in the company. As a result of increasing expenses despite having had low-income investors capital may be at risk considering there is no guarantee that increasing expenses would justifiably in crease income. In fact, the President seems to be having no good motive for the company other than getting his incentive. Fooling the company that it made profits yet it does not mean well for the company’s future. The company may continue making losses a matter that would lead to loss of employment for other members of staff. They could lose essential factors for the investors such as markets through improper financial investments. Under these circumstances, the best thing to do is find out why there was low income during the current year.

American Creation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

American Creation - Essay Example Lincoln had fought the elections with the claim that slavery would not be spread into any new state and would remain within the states where it existed. These seven states then rooted for succession, even before Lincoln took office. This move was rejected by the US administration and seen as a rebellion. The American Civil War was one of the deadliest wars in history. It resulted in the deaths of hundred thousands of soldiers: approximately 620000 and civilians (Donald 2001). This essay will discuss if civil war was inevitable and what were the major causes the forced the seven states into rebelling against the newly formed government. Timing and space were seen as a vital aspect of gaining freedom from the British forces (Ellis). Not only did this freedom come during a time when human rights were better understood, there was no choice left but for the American nation to seek independence. Also, the geography of America was such that its vastness compelled it to be wrested out of the hands of the occupying forces. In the same way, the leaders understood this concept of time and space, allowing them to be victorious in the civil war. The compromises of 1850 had been created to resolve any territorial or slavery problems that arose in the newly created state (Rhodes 1896). These laws were created for the slave states of the South and the free states of the North. The self-righteous but truly commercial motives of the North were often masked as a crusade (Stammp). These compromises were made to ensure that no state felt itself ousted from the system, allowing them to play an integral and vital role in giving stability to the burgeoning country. These compromises included various forms initiated by the government. For instance, Texas was a necessary state to include in the country. When Mexico took over the state of Texas, the only solution for America was to buy the heavily indebted state with which a large portion of the land was moved under the control of America's federal government. Another one these compromises included the decision made on the territories of New Mexico and Utah. The provisions provided by th e compromise organized the land given to both states. It also gave them the freedom of choosing to permit or prohibit slavery depending on the decision of the masses. This however was a flaw that was later corrected by the Wilmot Proviso which forbade slavery in any territory that was acquired from Mexico (Holt 1978). Thus, while the land and borders had been marked. The problems existing within the states were not recognized in the compromise. California was accepted as a free state within the decisions of this compromise. Another aspect of these compromises was the abolition of slave trade in the District of Columbia. Thus it was made to suit the needs of those who had possession of slaves. It was seen as a huge step because it stopped the sale of slaves in the region but did not work to dig out the root of problem: the possession of slaves. One of the most important aspects of the compromises made in 1850 was the installation of the Fugitive Slave Act. This Act did not specify an y state: free or slave. Every territory was expected to take any slave who had run away back to the owner. Thus, ordinary citizens could be to participate in the custody, capture and transportation of the escaped slave back to

Leadership and Organizational Behavior Assignment

Leadership and Organizational Behavior - Assignment Example As such, national labor policies are often translated in corporate policies that regulate human capital with sensitivity to these personal and professional goals of each worker. Business managers must make it as a corporate policy to uphold diversity to recognize the different capacities, competences and skills of these employees. Through that, management can systematize performance to attune these all to corporate goals and objectives. If all workers are nurtured by management to be goal-oriented and to be proficient in their tasks, albeit personal and motivational differences, it is perceived that the corporation would likely earn high achievement level (Hellriegel & Slocum, 2010). This is possible if the company was able to harness the participation of the employees in decision-making and in sharing them incentives as reward for great performance. It’s also helpful for the company if its sensitive to business ethics. This calls for management leadership that can help provid e direction to workers on what is relevant; regulate to boost their efforts and motivation; offering reward to the nature of persistence illustrated by employees; and ability to formulate strategic business plans that is contributory to the goals of the company. AllState Insurance Company, for instance, demonstrated their competence to understand and maximize diversity as how they made it as a policy to maximize it for corporate competitiveness (p. 215). This strategy is helpful for organizational internal development and for external relations with its diverse customers. AllState Company with 36,000 employees, have undertaken the following steps to cultivate competitive advantage using diversity: a. Succession Programming – the company accommodated employees with diverse motivation for professional development and enthusiasm for opportunities. As such, they employed women employees and those which came from other nations, including those who came from ethic communities but w ith high educational attainment. b. Development—All employees of AllState underwent career development training o improve their skills and competence. They can opt for more education or through mentoring, coaching or training (p. 215). c. Measurement- The company also enforce Diversity Index assessment which contain quarterly Leadership Measurement System (QLMS) to ascertain their quality service to their diverse customers; to determine their ethical behaviors at work albeit diverse personalities; and about how they gravitate in the workplace with mutual trust among co-employees and managers (p. 216); d. Accountability and Reward—AllState used the Diversity Index as one of the bases to determine compensation to encourage employees to maintain commitment and their responsibilities to contribute to corporate goals (p. 216). It also affords benefits to proficient workers and incentives through free services (p. 216). 2. Discuss how organizational policies and procedures c an impact organizational ethics. Organizational policies and procedures are essential in the upholding and promotion of organizational ethics of a corporation. Policies are internal regulations made by the company in consonance to corporate codes and labor laws that are imperative in strategically directing the goals and performance

Issue of "health & food " Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Issue of "health & food " - Essay Example The world health organization defined health it stated as a form of complete mental, physical and social well-being, .this does not focus on the absence of a disease. The statement means that, for one to be healthy, they must be stable in all aspects of human life. On the other hand, diet, needs to be balanced and focus on all classifications of carbohydrates, vitamins, proteins and mineral salts. The fact that people living in the United States have acquired an expensive lifestyle("â€Å"The Globalization of Eating Disorders, 2015). It becomes hard for them to purchase a balanced diet food and thus go for fast foods that lack proper prescriptions on the right amounts of calories they contain. These leave them predisposed to diabetes and other heart conditions ("Food For Thought.2015). In support of these diseases, the government has been in the forefront because it imposes such policies that promote unhealthy lifestyles. As a start, restaurants sell foods that tend to bypass investigations on the amounts of calories eaten daily by individuals. The government has not taken it upon its responsibility to enact policies that look into such matters. The Food and Drug Administration policies, on the other hand, have gotten solaced on the issue of healthy eating habits, and the systems are weak to authorize and cut out such patterns from the society. In support of these, the government is the overall lawmaker. It has made health become a social issue instead of allowing people deal with it in personal ways. The fact that the proposal wishes to conduct a cross-sectional study to find out if the fast food companies do label their food packages, the research will also target the consumers of fast food, to find out what is their personal responsibility in ensuring that they choose the foods wisely. Through this, they avoid eating more or fewer calories that may pose a hazard to their health. This research will be relevant since the findings will help to inform

Credit Assessment and Consulting in Rating Agencies Research Paper

Credit Assessment and Consulting in Rating Agencies - Research Paper Example nsulting services whereby debt issuers request rating agencies to direct them on the manner to structure their debt issues with the aim of securing a favorable rating (Crockett, Harris, Mishkin & White, 2004). In such circumstances, the credit-rating agencies are in effect auditing their own work. Moreover, credit-rating agencies may deliver favorable ratings so as acquire extra clients for the ancillary consulting business. Much of the challenges associated with Credit Assessment and Consulting in Rating Agencies relate to the reliability and integrity of ratings. Investors utilize credit ratings that mirror the probability of default to ascertain the creditworthiness of certain debt securities (Langohr & Langohr, 2008). Conflict of interest can yield a decrease in the flow of reliable information centering on either concealment of the information, or dissemination of misleading information (Brooks & Dunn, 2010). This has dire consequences on the value of stakeholder’s benefits. The markets can in some instances ameliorate the impacts of conflicts of interest within financial services firms and cannot always contain the incentives to exploit conflicts of interest. Some of the approaches to remedying conflict of interest encompass: â€Å"leaving it to the market† or letting market forces resolve the conflict by penalizing financial firms that exploit conflict of interest and instituting new institutional means to contain conflict of interest (Brooks & Dunn, 2010). The other approaches encompass regulating for transparency through mandatory disclosure and supervisory oversight. Additional approaches towards remedying conflicts of interest within credit rating agencies encompass separation of functions and socialization of information production. In conclusion, there is a need to enhance accountability of Credit Rating Agencies so as to negate the pitfalls associated with conflict of interest (Werther & Chandler, 2006). Reputation remains one of the key

Critical Thinking and Ethics Essay Example for Free

Critical Thinking and Ethics Essay In a discussion of ethics, critical thinking may not be the first term that comes to mind, unless opposing. However in some ways, critical thinking can the foundation, from which an ethical decision is made. This paper will explain the relationship between critical thinking and ethics, how the principles and rules of critical thinking are applicable to ethical reasoning, and if ethical decisions would be necessary if everyone followed the rules of logic. Is Critical Thinking Applicable to Ethical Reasoning? Ethical reasoning is based on the principles of what is considered right and wrong. Critical thinking on the other hand, warrants more of a thought process, causing one to analyze the situation from all aspects before reaching a conclusion. â€Å"By taking the path of a critical thinker, a person develops a mental process of evaluation which helps to determine their ethical standards† (Mnmelillo, 2010, Professional Growth, para. 1). Logic versus Ethical Reasoning The purpose of logic is to find that which is true. Logical thinking processes are often times used in ethics to answer important moral questions. However logic does not guarantee a morally correct outcome. For example, the legalization of marijuana is constantly under debate. Using the rules of logic, one would be able to see both the pros and cons of this argument. Although drug use is considered unethical by US government standards, even for medicinal use, the state of California, has legalized medicinal marijuana. In this particular case or should I say state, the rules of logic did not produce a morally correct result. Conclusion Ethical reasoning and critical thinking are derived from different  processes, although there are circumstances in which one is necessary to reach a decision regarding the other. As with critical thinking, there are no hard rules determining the use of ethics, considering what may be unethical in some cultures, for example, may prove to be ethical in another. Ultimately the use of ethics versus critical thinking or logic is determined by the situation at hand. Reference: Mnmelillo, N. (2010). What is the relationship between critical thinking and ethics? Triad Search Marketing: Professional Growth. Retrieved from http://www.triadsearchmarketing.com/what-is-the-relationship-between-critical-thinking-and-ethics/

The Columbia Encyclopedia Essay Example for Free

The Columbia Encyclopedia Essay Camera inventions multiplied speeds pictures can become available. Someone explored the possibilities of different ways to use many pictures at one time. The amazing invention was moving photography, motion pictures, short for pictures in motion. The first motion pictures made with a single camera were by E. J. Marey, a French physician, in the 1880s, in the course of his study of motion. (The Columbia Encyclopedia) Art historians document the camera obscura was invented dating as far back as 200-300 B. C. but it is Aristotle who popularized the item, finding many useful purposes for it. Film, television and movie programs use light shinning through a miniature circle narrowing the focus of the object, reflected on a huge screen. This technical invention allowing high quality moving pictures to be possible began when Aristotle used the invention to study science, specifically the sun. To explain the camera obscura in simple terms, it is a box, with a pinhole, and light reflects through the tiny pinhole. The amount of light allowed to shine through the pinhole is controlled, giving the objects more detailed precise pictures, more focus. The next step camera technology was the Kinetoscope. In 1889 Thomas Edison and his staff developed the Kinetograph, a camera using rolls of coated celluloid film, and the Kinetoscope, a device for peep-show viewing using photographs that flipped in sequence. (The Columbia Encyclopedia) The Kinetoscope was to the camera obscura what the digital camera is to the Polaroid camera. It allowed a series of pictures to be produced and flipped through faster, giving illusion of continuous smoothly flowing pictures. Moving pictures, studying of motion, were making rapid advancements. The camera obscura allowed one person to view through the pinhole, the Kinetoscope showed moving pictures to groups of people, further encouraging exploring different ways of connecting pictures. The admission for shows cost one penny. In France the LumiA? re brothers created the first projection device, the CinAÂ ©matographe (1895). (The Columbia Encyclopedia) It was not long before moving pictures were in great demand. People loved the entertainment, and movie houses were being built at an alarming rate. Today, movies and movie technology shows no signs of slowing down. The camera served as a link between art paintings and audio recordings. It is the middle point that transformed paintings into multiple copies of still photographs and added sound to it, eventually named film and television movies. Recordings Paintings existed from the beginning of time. The camera was used by artists to view possibilities of looking at their paintings. During the time the camera was continuously being experimented with, musicians were fine tuning audio recordings. Someone found a way to put a combination of photographs into an aesthetic flowing sequence, in a pattern that tells a complete story. After the photographs became a series of one long continuous moving picture, someone added sound. Paintings, cameras, scriptwriting and recordings are the historical events that created film and television entertainment. All films, videos, and most television programs are, before they become anything else, recordings. (Watson 1990, 14) Film and television are photographs that move adding singing or talking audible voices. Sound quality used in film and television are equally important to putting together a show that is visually pleasing, holding audience as much as the lighting, designing, blocking, wardrobe, makeup and sequence of films. In the early 1900s, recordings were external devices played along with the film or television. Technologys ability putting motion into a series of photographs, showing the pictures in motion were not yet capable of recording the actors voices. Some television companies were using this technique as late as the seventies. If the actor’s prerecorded audio voices were offset from the video only fractions of a second, the inaccurate timing was visible to the audience. The actor was speaking and the words the actor was saying were heard before or after the audience could see him or her saying it. The popular Broadway musical, Singing in the Rain, released in the 1950’s shows audible One of the main points of the play tells how recordings were first incorporated into making complete films and television, how movies went from silent films to speaking films. One of the main characters was a very attractive dumb blonde lacking vocal skills. The studio gave her only nonspeaking roles, later attempted to work with her on her voice, experimenting with frustrating recording techniques. The point was to show how nonvisible audio determines visuality of the movie. External prerecorded devices are used, of course exaggerated into entertaining comedy, resulting in the woman’s voice getting mixed up with the acting parts of the male actors voice. The importance of sound quality to film and television comes together at the end of the movie, when a voice double is discovered. The first lesson one learns almost immediately after undertaking to write a comprehensive and critically weighed history of the American sound film is that one can never finish; one can only stop. (Sarris 1998, 3) Audible recordings were the last additions to completing the making of the films. Once added, limitations of film were lifted, allowing more options for visual enhancement for moving pictures. Voice projections, embellishments, sound effects give characters in the moving photographs personality, bringing the person shown in the picture or written in the book to life. Today, making silent full-length movies are not even considered. Art Consciously and unconsciously, artists borrow plots, characters, symbols, themes, interests, generic forms, ways of seeing, feeling and thinking. (Watson 1990, 98) Artist of today borrow from other artists, but the ones who invented art history are the masterminds and the reasons for the existence of film and television. Everything started with artists pictures, their drawings and probably the earliest story books. When someone decided to add movement to these pictures, it was determined music would give these pictures a stronger identity. The most popular films, television programs used borrowed themes from art legends. The most advanced filming techniques used today, originally began when there were no such thing as electricity, such as the camera obscura. The addition of sound to film originated with Pythagoras numbering system when studying the octaves of the universe. Impressions are not dependent on mathematical accuracy however, but intermittent imagery. (Watson 1990, 82) Images are indeed the visual effects carrying story lines from the beginning to the end in films, movies and television. When nonspeaking films were first invented in the 1920s, the audience had no idea of the visual affects produced by the background technology used to make the film. It was to the advantage to the technicians to study such techniques because it was cost effective. Today, the general public paying audiences may not understand the techniques behind movie making, but they can certainly see the lack of use of techniques. The first film and television developers were well aware of the importance of images to successful films and television programs. The whole idea behind films and television was moving images. Many of these moving images were borrowed from the artists from the past, or the theme of the movie implied a famous painting. Abstract art was considered to be a meaningless combination of colors. Use of coloring combinations makes images stand out and get noticed. Art paintings are the beginnings of the study of film and television productions. Finding a way to produce multiple pictures and putting these multiple pictures into motion pictures are the backbone of films and movies. Historical points sell. They give the audience a familiarity or a connection to the past. Perhaps, subconsciously historical images repeated in current films bring them back to a time in their life when they first studied these artists. Whatever the reason for the success, it works. Works Cited Camera. 2007. In The Columbia Encyclopedia 6th ed. , edited by Lagasse, Paul. New York: Columbia University Press. http://www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=od=112849953 (accessed March 16, 2008). Motion Pictures. 2007. In The Columbia Encyclopedia 6th ed. , edited by Lagasse, Paul. New York: Columbia University Press. http://www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=od=112874771 (accessed March 16, 2008). Sarris, Andrew. 1998. You Aint Heard Nothin Yet: The American Talking Film: History Memory, 1927-1949. New York: Oxford University Press. http://www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=od=24355309. Watson, Robert. 1990. Film and Television in Education: An Aesthetic Approach to the Moving Image. London: Falmer Press. http://www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=od=103505179.

Kangxi And Louis XIV | Comparison

Kangxi And Louis XIV | Comparison Absolute monarchy or absolutism means that the sovereign power or ultimate authority in the state rested in the hands of a king who claimed to rule by divine right. Kangxi and Louis XIV were both shining examples for absolutist rule. Age of Absolutism was between 1610 and 1789. Absolutism is a term used to depict a type of monarchical power that was not at all restrained by institutions, for example, legislatures, social elites, or churches. Both Kangxi and Louis X1V were absolute monarchs associated with the coming to power of professional bureaucracies, professional standing armies, and the coding of state laws. They possessed ideologies that justify the absolutist monarchy. As absolute monarchs they spent significant sums on flamboyant homes for themselves as well as their nobles. It is mandatory in an absolutist state, by the monarchs for nobles to live in the royal palace, although in their absence, state officials ruled the nobles lands. This would effectively decrease the power of the nobility, thus causing nobles to become dependent upon the generosity of the monarch for their source of income. Emperor Kangxi became known as one of Chinas greatest emperors. He suppressed the Revolt of the Three Feudatories, forced the Kingdom of Tungning in Taiwan to submit to Qing rule, blocked Tzarist on Russia on the Amur River and extended the empire to the northwest. The compilation of the Kangxi Dictionary was just one primary example of the emperors many accomplishments pertaining to the subject of literature. During Kangxis reign his country experienced long-term stability and relative wealth after having suffered many years of turmoil and war. He was responsible for the initiation of the Prosperous Era of Kangxi and Qianlong era, which prolonged for generations after his own. As his reign ceased, the Qing Empire had full control over the entire Chinese region, Manchuria, as well as part of the Far East region of Russia and many other regions. Emperor Kangxi, whose father Emperor Shunzhi was the first Qing emperor to rule over China proper, was the fourth emperor of the Qing Dynasty. As he reached age 8 years old on February 17, 1661, Kangxi succeeded imperial throne; twelve days after his fathers death. His rule consisted of at least 61 years from 1661 to 1722, making him the longest reigning emperor in Chinese history. When Kangxi was eight, he ascended the throne. As a child, Kangxi was very talented in literature and he worked diligently. Since he was too young, his father hired four ministers to assist him with the administration of the country. Ao Bai was the name of one of them who furtively assigned his own henchmen to oppose the young emperor. As Kangxi became of age to rule the nation, he ingeniously voided Ao Bais plot. In 1643 Louis XIV became king at age four upon the loss of his father Louis XIII. Louis XIV, also recognized as the Sun King, was among the greatest of significant monarchs in history. He reigned for 72 years, from 1643 until his death in 1715. This made his time as King the longest known reign of any European monarch. He is responsible for taking France from savage medieval to one of the most appealing cultures in the world. He claimed total control of the French Government for 54 years out of the 72 years that he reigned for. The 17th century was labeled as the age of Louis XIV, due to his supreme reign of absolutism in government. Louis began independently governing France as of 1661 after his prime minister, the Italian Cardinal Mazarin passed away. As an advocate of the theory of the divine right of kings, Louis continued his predecessors work of creating a Centralized Government, governed from within the capital. He sought the elimination of the remnants of Feudalist parts of France. Under his rule, France represented the mainstay of European power, involved in three major wars: the Franco Dutch War, the Nine Years War, the League of Augsburg War, and the War of the Spanish Succession. A highly skilled politician and statesman Louis X1V supported and profited from the work of major political, military and cultural figures such as Mazarin, Colbert, Turenneaud, Vauban, Moliere, Racine, Boileau, La Fontain, Lully and Le Notre to name just a few. Days before his seventy-seventh birthday after death, Louis was succeeded by his great-grandson who became Louis XV at age 5. Both Kangxi and Louis XIV were shining examples for absolutist rule, and they both were effective absolutist who did a great job governing their kingdom. However, in my opinion Kangxi was the more effective Absolutist of the two. Whereas Louis XIV relied heavily on collaborating with other great men in order to achieve effectiveness, Kangxi relied on utilizing his supreme intellect and succeeded exerting his own true absolute power which was his intelligence.

Power and Control in Dracula :: Dracula Essays

Power and Control in Dracula In the universe, no one being has complete control over another. In Bram Stoker's novel Dracula, God, Dracula, Nature, and Humanity have some form of influence over each other, whether it be direct control or as the instrument through which another must exert its power. In this paper I will examine the ways that power and control are presented in Dracula. One of the main challenges to God's power is Dracula. God does nothing to help the character of Lucy. Why? She has not committed any great sin. Yet she still fall’s prey to Dracula. There are two possible explanations for this: First that God does not have the power to save her from Dracula. Dracula is almost outside of God’s power. Since Dracula has renounced God he (God) no longer has domain over Dracula. Or second, God feels that she is being justly punished for her sins (sins which the reader is never informed of). Lucy is very flirtatious, and possibly she is more promiscuous than we are led to believe. In Francis Ford Coppola’s film version when Lucy and Mina look at the book that shows sexual acts, Lucy states that "people can do that (sexual acts)". Mina then asks Lucy how she knows that people do those sexual acts, and Lucy replies "because I did that last night†¦..in my dreams." We assume that she did actually have a dream about the sexual acts, bu t what if she was not telling the truth? Lucy knew that no respectable woman would ever admit to have sexual relations out of wedlock in her time period. She may have been attempting to cover her reputation. It would appear that the most likely of these choices stated before is that God is unable to save the innocent. However, this is not to say that God is powerless. God maintains power over Dracula in several ways: Holy items, such as the crucifix, holy water, and holy wafers repel Dracula. The first time we see Dracula’s reaction is when Jonathan Harker is shaving. Dracula walks up behind Jonathan Harker and sees the crucifix. He is forced to stop looking at the crucifix and he (Dracula) say’s that "our ways are different than that of your England" and "you should not put your faith in such objects of deceit". We see, as Harker does that Dracula has a hatred of God.

Saturday Morning Visitors :: Descriptive Essay Examples, narrative

  Saturday Morning Visitors          As far as I am concerned, the unpardonable sin is someone dropping by our house before noon on Saturdays.    Since I go to school and work too, Saturday is the only day of the week on which I can be lazy and sleep late. Therefore, I am late getting my housework done. By Saturday, my house is completely in ruins; anyone who is blessed with a six-year-old boy can understand what I am talking about. As an example, it is not uncommon to walk into the living room and find an old ragged sheet or quilt stretched across a couple of chairs-this serves as his tent. This is the exact time some people decide to come by to see us. As the visitors come in, I hurriedly snatch the tent down, but immediately wish that I hadn't for under it are Chewbacca, Hans Solo, Luke Skywalker, C3PO. And R2D2. Trying nonchalantly to push these Star Wars creatures aside with my bare foot, I suddenly stop. My foot has come in contact with some unknown substance-it is oozing up between my toes. I look down and silently blaspheme the makers of Green Slime. As I gently remove my foot from this green wad, some of i t continues to cling between my toes. Pretending that it doesn't bother me, I lead our guests into the dining room, hoping it will be more presentable. Much to my dismay, it does not look any better, for there, on the table, are the remains of my daughter's midnight snack. The remains include a black banana peeling that looks like a relic from The Dark Ages; an empty glass with a dried milk ring; two stale blueberry pop-ups; and a pile of orange-red carrot peelings. My daughter is a border-line vegetarian, so the latter does not surprise me.    Having removed the residue from the table and seated our early birds, I am brought to the second reasons why I dislike having company on Saturday mornings. Remembering my in-bred Southern manners, I ask if I can get our guests something to eat or drink-when it hits me like a two-by-four-I have nothing to offer. This is grocery shopping day. Saturday Morning Visitors :: Descriptive Essay Examples, narrative   Saturday Morning Visitors          As far as I am concerned, the unpardonable sin is someone dropping by our house before noon on Saturdays.    Since I go to school and work too, Saturday is the only day of the week on which I can be lazy and sleep late. Therefore, I am late getting my housework done. By Saturday, my house is completely in ruins; anyone who is blessed with a six-year-old boy can understand what I am talking about. As an example, it is not uncommon to walk into the living room and find an old ragged sheet or quilt stretched across a couple of chairs-this serves as his tent. This is the exact time some people decide to come by to see us. As the visitors come in, I hurriedly snatch the tent down, but immediately wish that I hadn't for under it are Chewbacca, Hans Solo, Luke Skywalker, C3PO. And R2D2. Trying nonchalantly to push these Star Wars creatures aside with my bare foot, I suddenly stop. My foot has come in contact with some unknown substance-it is oozing up between my toes. I look down and silently blaspheme the makers of Green Slime. As I gently remove my foot from this green wad, some of i t continues to cling between my toes. Pretending that it doesn't bother me, I lead our guests into the dining room, hoping it will be more presentable. Much to my dismay, it does not look any better, for there, on the table, are the remains of my daughter's midnight snack. The remains include a black banana peeling that looks like a relic from The Dark Ages; an empty glass with a dried milk ring; two stale blueberry pop-ups; and a pile of orange-red carrot peelings. My daughter is a border-line vegetarian, so the latter does not surprise me.    Having removed the residue from the table and seated our early birds, I am brought to the second reasons why I dislike having company on Saturday mornings. Remembering my in-bred Southern manners, I ask if I can get our guests something to eat or drink-when it hits me like a two-by-four-I have nothing to offer. This is grocery shopping day.

Benefits of Cholesterol to Brain Development Essay -- Biology

What do you think of when you hear the word cholesterol? It's pretty common to think that it makes you gain weight, it is bad in large quantities, and it is generally unhealthy. But a recent experiment has shown that although it can be bad in some ways, it is good for you in other ways. One of the most important parts of your body is your central nervous system (CNS). It includes your spinal cord and your brain, and it is run by cells called neurons. These neurons, with the help of synapses, send electrical signals throughout the body. So what do neurons and synapses have to do with cholesterol? If you do not have cholesterol during certain parts of your life cycle, you actually do not develop many synapses. Even those that do form are destined to be inefficient at transmitting signals to the brain and body. Who cares if you have a lot of efficient synapses? An easy comparison is between the CNS and a computer. The brain thriving off of a lot of synapses, a computer running much better with more RAM. Your computer still works if it does not have a lot of RAM, and it will do what you ask it to; however, if it does have a lot of RAM, it will do what you ask more efficiently and faster. Likewise, if you do not have many synapses, your brain and CNS will still work at a much lower level. If you do have a lot of synapses, everything will work faster. Your brain will send signals to the rest of your body efficiently so you can react faster, think faster, etc. This leads us into the article that you should be able to understand completely by the end of this web page. Before this discovery was made, scientists had no idea that cholesterol was responsible for these events. Follow along with us to an explanation of the previous ... ...a viable solution. Now that you know that your brain is all you have, there are some considerations to be made. Do you really want to smoke marijuana when you consider that being high means killing off neurons? What about that kegger next weekend? That kills brain cells too. More specific than the ties to drug and alcohol abuse, this article talks about the gray areas of life. The human body is an amazing machine. It is extremely adaptive, and it requires a lot of fuel to run. Avoid entirely wiping out a common substance from your diet without doing the proper research. Who knows, perhaps cutting that food from your meal might put you in deeper trouble than you thought possible. References "CNS Synaptogenesis Promoted by Glia-Derived Cholesterol." Science Magazine. 9 Nov 2001: 1354-1357. 3 Nov 2003 http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/294/5545/1354. Benefits of Cholesterol to Brain Development Essay -- Biology What do you think of when you hear the word cholesterol? It's pretty common to think that it makes you gain weight, it is bad in large quantities, and it is generally unhealthy. But a recent experiment has shown that although it can be bad in some ways, it is good for you in other ways. One of the most important parts of your body is your central nervous system (CNS). It includes your spinal cord and your brain, and it is run by cells called neurons. These neurons, with the help of synapses, send electrical signals throughout the body. So what do neurons and synapses have to do with cholesterol? If you do not have cholesterol during certain parts of your life cycle, you actually do not develop many synapses. Even those that do form are destined to be inefficient at transmitting signals to the brain and body. Who cares if you have a lot of efficient synapses? An easy comparison is between the CNS and a computer. The brain thriving off of a lot of synapses, a computer running much better with more RAM. Your computer still works if it does not have a lot of RAM, and it will do what you ask it to; however, if it does have a lot of RAM, it will do what you ask more efficiently and faster. Likewise, if you do not have many synapses, your brain and CNS will still work at a much lower level. If you do have a lot of synapses, everything will work faster. Your brain will send signals to the rest of your body efficiently so you can react faster, think faster, etc. This leads us into the article that you should be able to understand completely by the end of this web page. Before this discovery was made, scientists had no idea that cholesterol was responsible for these events. Follow along with us to an explanation of the previous ... ...a viable solution. Now that you know that your brain is all you have, there are some considerations to be made. Do you really want to smoke marijuana when you consider that being high means killing off neurons? What about that kegger next weekend? That kills brain cells too. More specific than the ties to drug and alcohol abuse, this article talks about the gray areas of life. The human body is an amazing machine. It is extremely adaptive, and it requires a lot of fuel to run. Avoid entirely wiping out a common substance from your diet without doing the proper research. Who knows, perhaps cutting that food from your meal might put you in deeper trouble than you thought possible. References "CNS Synaptogenesis Promoted by Glia-Derived Cholesterol." Science Magazine. 9 Nov 2001: 1354-1357. 3 Nov 2003 http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/294/5545/1354.

Daphnia Ecotoxicology Lab Report Essay

Introduction Ecosystems have a way of maintaining themselves under ordinary conditions but when a new factor is added that will most likely threaten the environment action needs to be put forth. Our environment is affected by many pollutants on a daily bases forming a threat to natural stability. For example some of the most polluted parts of the environment are bodies of water like that explained in our lab. Once pollution occurs animals can be affected in many ways even to the brink of death. In the lab the stream is getting pumped with salty potassium filled water that can kill daphnia, habitants of the stream, if the concentration gets too high. To prevent this a real-time assay can be performed. This is a short timed test that we use to measure the effect of pollutant on organism by finding the smallest concentration possible that could still be a bother. This is a valuable tool because we can get direct results from a living organism by detecting stress signals all in a short period of time allowing us o fix the problem quicker. Using an organism for the assay is the best choice because there are many variables that can be used to identify stress on the subject because of a specific input. Materials and Methods Everything is kept the same in every experiment except when concentration differences need to be changed. Meaning all lighting, heating, vibration daphnia numbers will not change to make sure there are minimal changes and differences in the experiments. The sizes of the daphnia are also better to be kept around the same. Daphnia are really quick so picking something to measure in a two-hour interval made it easier to narrow it down to heart rate. Since we can control their space, meaning less area of movement we can see their heart better. This also meant it wouldn’t allow us to measure other things that require a larger area of movement which were the majority of the variables. Chasing down the critters is very hard. Week one was the period of observation where all materials were used while looking at the daphnia so that the variables to be measured are chosen and the methods in how they will be measured are ruled out. Before the lab a handout with information on daphnia should be read to familiarize oneself with the little organisms. For observation we are given a regular microscope, to use with it regular shallow white well plates and a dissecting scope, to use with it a see through 24-well plate. A small amount of water should be added to the both the white wells and about three or four of the clear wells. Now that everything is ready for the daphnia they are to be transferred to the wells be using a pipet that has had its tip cut of to a diameter of about 2-3 mm so the critters aren’t damaged. Write down any observations you see such as variables and movements and any ideas for a possible assay. Week two an assay system will be created using the variable that is chosen versus the concentration of KCl. The concentration we started with, was given, a 1:1 ratio of KCl to pond water meaning that half of the mixture is KCl and half is pond water. To perform this experiment we also need a control that would be 100% pond water. Two regular microscopes are used with the three well white trays. In one tray pond water is added to the three wells, half of the group will look at these and in the other the mixture of 1:1 KCl : pond water is added, the other half of the group will look at these. Daphnia are then transferred using a transfer pipet that has the tip cut to a diameter of 2-3 mm. The experiment needs to start after a 15-minute exposure period maybe shorter because they may start reacting to the different concentrations. Once the slides are in focus view the daphnia to see if there are any changes in the variable if so one partner should start counting while the other is keeping time and writing down results. Every once in a while to keep thing consistent switch who counts and switch around the wells. After the observation period make sure the lights are off so the daphnia aren’t heated and they have enough water, and make sure they don’t get moved around too much. Once the experiment is compare results of KCl concentration versus the control. If something did occur to the daphnia do the KCl concentration experiment but half it, If nothing happened double the concentration. Once you are done take our results and plot them using a T-Test in excel. Week three the daphnia are tested under different concentrations of an herb to see if the herb causes any types of stress on the variable. All of the same methods are done as in week one and two except in preparing the herbal solutions. To prepare the herbal solution the herb needs to be grinded mixed with methanol and left to sit for a few minutes so it can react and separate the important contents of the herb out. In large clear wells the mixture is measured in microliters of 500, 50 and 5, we also measure out 500 of methanol and all of these are left to dry out. Then 5ml of water is added to 5 wells the four including the substances and one without. The methanol only and water only wells are our controls once this is finished the variables are measured like in the previous experiments. Results (on graphs and tables) Discussion Daphnia are very easily affected by even the smallest amount of KCl slowing down their heart rate compared to our controls. Our 1:4 ratio of KCl still slightly affected the heart rate of our daphnia. The daphnia give a clear and quick report on the environmental condition this is why they are good to experiment on.

Twilight 21. PHONE CALL

21. PHONE CALL I could feel it was too early again when I woke, and I knew I was getting the schedule of my days and nights slowly reversed. I lay in my bed and listened to the quiet voices of Alice and Jasper in the other room. That they were loud enough for me to hear at all was strange. I rolled till my feet touched the floor and then staggered to the living room. The clock on the TV said it was just after two in the morning. Alice and Jasper were sitting together on the sofa, Alice sketching again while Jasper looked over her shoulder. They didn't look up when I entered, too engrossed in Alice's work. I crept to Jasper's side to peek. â€Å"Did she see something more?† I asked him quietly. â€Å"Yes. Something's brought him back to the room with the VCR, but it's light now.† I watched as Alice drew a square room with dark beams across its low ceiling. The walls were paneled in wood, a little too dark, out of date. The floor had a dark carpet with a pattern in it. There was a large window against the south wall, and an opening through the west wall led to the living room. One side of that entrance was stone – a large tan stone fireplace that was open to both rooms. The focus of the room from this perspective, the TV and VCR, balanced on a too-small wooden stand, were in the southwest corner of the room. An aged sectional sofa curved around in front of the TV, a round coffee table in front of it. â€Å"The phone goes there,† I whispered, pointing. Two pairs of eternal eyes stared at me. â€Å"That's my mother's house.† Alice was already off the couch, phone in hand, dialing. I stared at the precise rendering of my mother's family room. Uncharacteristically, Jasper slid closer to me. He lightly touched his hand to my shoulder, and the physical contact seemed to make his calming influence stronger. The panic stayed dull, unfocused. Alice's lips were trembling with the speed of her words, the low buzzing impossible to decipher. I couldn't concentrate. â€Å"Bella,† Alice said. I looked at her numbly. â€Å"Bella, Edward is coming to get you. He and Emmett and Carlisle are going to take you somewhere, to hide you for a while.† â€Å"Edward is coming?† The words were like a life vest, holding my head above the flood. â€Å"Yes, he's catching the first flight out of Seattle. We'll meet him at the airport, and you'll leave with him.† â€Å"But, my mother†¦ he came here for my mother, Alice!† Despite Jasper, the hysteria bubbled up in my voice. â€Å"Jasper and I will stay till she's safe.† â€Å"I can't win, Alice. You can't guard everyone I know forever. Don't you see what he's doing? He's not tracking me at all. He'll find someone, he'll hurt someone I love†¦ Alice, I can't -â€Å" â€Å"We'll catch him, Bella,† she assured me. â€Å"And what if you get hurt, Alice? Do you think that's okay with me? Do you think it's only my human family he can hurt me with?† Alice looked meaningfully at Jasper. A deep, heavy fog of lethargy washed over me, and my eyes closed without my permission. My mind struggled against the fog, realizing what was happening. I forced my eyes open and stood up, stepping away from Jasper's hand. â€Å"I don't want to go back to sleep,† I snapped. I walked to my room and shut the door, slammed it really, so I could be free to go to pieces privately. This time Alice didn't follow me. For three and a half hours I stared at the wall, curled in a ball, rocking. My mind went around in circles, trying to come up with some way out of this nightmare. There was no escape, no reprieve. I could see only one possible end looming darkly in my future. The only question was how many other people would be hurt before I reached it. The only solace, the only hope I had left, was knowing that I would see Edward soon. Maybe, if I could just see his face again, I would also be able to see the solution that eluded me now. When the phone rang, I returned to the front room, a little ashamed of my behavior. I hoped I hadn't offended either of them, that they would know how grateful I was for the sacrifices they were making on my account. Alice was talking as rapidly as ever, but what caught my attention was that, for the first time, Jasper was not in the room. I looked at the clock – it was five-thirty in the morning. â€Å"They're just boarding their plane,† Alice told me. â€Å"They'll land at nine-forty-five.† Just a few more hours to keep breathing till he was here. â€Å"Where's Jasper?† â€Å"He went to check out.† â€Å"You aren't staying here?† â€Å"No, we're relocating closer to your mother's house.† My stomach twisted uneasily at her words. But the phone rang again, distracting me. She looked surprised, but I was already walking forward, reaching hopefully for the phone. â€Å"Hello?† Alice asked. â€Å"No, she's right here.† She held the phone out to me. Your mother, she mouthed. â€Å"Hello?† â€Å"Bella? Bella?† It was my mother's voice, in a familiar tone I had heard a thousand times in my childhood, anytime I'd gotten too close to the edge of the sidewalk or strayed out of her sight in a crowded place. It was the sound of panic. I sighed. I'd been expecting this, though I'd tried to make my message as unalarming as possible without lessening the urgency of it. â€Å"Calm down, Mom,† I said in my most soothing voice, walking slowly away from Alice. I wasn't sure if I could lie as convincingly with her eyes on me. â€Å"Everything is fine, okay? Just give me a minute and I'll explain everything, I promise.† I paused, surprised that she hadn't interrupted me yet. â€Å"Mom?† â€Å"Be very careful not to say anything until I tell you to.† The voice I heard now was as unfamiliar as it was unexpected. It was a man's tenor voice, a very pleasant, generic voice – the kind of voice that you heard in the background of luxury car commercials. He spoke very quickly. â€Å"Now, I don't need to hurt your mother, so please do exactly as I say, and she'll be fine.† He paused for a minute while I listened in mute horror. â€Å"That's very good,† he congratulated. â€Å"Now repeat after me, and do try to sound natural. Please say, ‘No, Mom, stay where you are.'† â€Å"No, Mom, stay where you are.† My voice was barely more than a whisper. â€Å"I can see this is going to be difficult.† The voice was amused, still light and friendly. â€Å"Why don't you walk into another room now so your face doesn't ruin everything? There's no reason for your mother to suffer. As you're walking, please say, ‘Mom, please listen to me.' Say it now.† â€Å"Mom, please listen to me,† my voice pleaded. I walked very slowly to the bedroom, feeling Alice's worried stare on my back. I shut the door behind me, trying to think clearly through the terror that gripped my brain. â€Å"There now, are you alone? Just answer yes or no.† â€Å"Yes.† â€Å"But they can still hear you, I'm sure.† â€Å"Yes.† â€Å"All right, then,† the agreeable voice continued, â€Å"say, ‘Mom, trust me.'† â€Å"Mom, trust me.† â€Å"This worked out rather better than I expected. I was prepared to wait, but your mother arrived ahead of schedule. It's easier this way, isn't it? Less suspense, less anxiety for you.† I waited. â€Å"Now I want you to listen very carefully. I'm going to need you to get away from your friends; do you think you can do that? Answer yes or no.† â€Å"No.† â€Å"I'm sorry to hear that. I was hoping you would be a little more creative than that. Do you think you could get away from them if your mother's life depended on it? Answer yes or no.† Somehow, there had to be a way. I remembered that we were going to the airport. Sky Harbor International Airport: crowded, confusingly laid out†¦ â€Å"Yes.† â€Å"That's better. I'm sure it won't be easy, but if I get the slightest hint that you have any company, well, that would be very bad for your mother,† the friendly voice promised. â€Å"You must know enough about us by now to realize how quickly I would know if you tried to bring anyone along with you. And how little time I would need to deal with your mother if that was the case. Do you understand? Answer yes or no.† â€Å"Yes.† My voice broke. â€Å"Very good, Bella. Now this is what you have to do. I want you to go to your mother's house. Next to the phone there will be a number. Call it, and I'll tell you where to go from there.† I already knew where I would go, and where this would end. But I would follow his instructions exactly. â€Å"Can you do that? Answer yes or no.† â€Å"Yes.† â€Å"Before noon, please, Bella. I haven't got all day,† he said politely. â€Å"Where's Phil?† I asked tersely. â€Å"Ah, be careful now, Bella. Wait until I ask you to speak, please.† I waited. â€Å"It's important, now, that you don't make your friends suspicious when you go back to them. Tell them that your mother called, and that you talked her out of coming home for the time being. Now repeat after me, ‘Thank you, Mom.' Say it now.† â€Å"Thank you, Mom.† The tears were coming. I tried to fight them back. â€Å"Say, ‘I love you, Mom, I'll see you soon.' Say it now.† â€Å"I love you, Mom.† My voice was thick. â€Å"I'll see you soon,† I promised. â€Å"Goodbye, Bella. I look forward to seeing you again.† He hung up. I held the phone to my ear. My joints were frozen with terror – I couldn't unbend my fingers to drop it. I knew I had to think, but my head was filled with the sound of my mother's panic. Seconds ticked by while I fought for control. Slowly, slowly, my thoughts started to break past that brick wall of pain. To plan. For I had no choices now but one: to go to the mirrored room and die. I had no guarantees, nothing to give to keep my mother alive. I could only hope that James would be satisfied with winning the game, that beating Edward would be enough. Despair gripped me; there was no way to bargain, nothing I could offer or withhold that could influence him. But I still had no choice. I had to try. I pushed the terror back as well as I could. My decision was made. It did no good to waste time agonizing over the outcome. I had to think clearly, because Alice and Jasper were waiting for me, and evading them was absolutely essential, and absolutely impossible. I was suddenly grateful that Jasper was gone. If he had been here to feel my anguish in the last five minutes, how could I have kept them from being suspicious? I choked back the dread, the anxiety, tried to stifle it. I couldn't afford it now. I didn't know when he would return. I concentrated on my escape. I had to hope that my familiarity with the airport would turn the odds in my favor. Somehow, I had to keep Alice away†¦ I knew Alice was in the other room waiting for me, curious. But I had to deal with one more thing in private, before Jasper was back. I had to accept that I wouldn't see Edward again, not even one last glimpse of his face to carry with me to the mirror room. I was going to hurt him, and I couldn't say goodbye. I let the waves of torture wash over me, have their way for a time. Then I pushed them back, too, and went to face Alice. The only expression I could manage was a dull, dead look. I saw her alarm and I didn't wait for her to ask. I had just one script and I'd never manage improvisation now. â€Å"My mom was worried, she wanted to come home. But it's okay, I convinced her to stay away.† My voice was lifeless. â€Å"We'll make sure she's fine, Bella, don't worry.† I turned away; I couldn't let her see my face. My eye fell on a blank page of the hotel stationery on the desk. I went to it slowly, a plan forming. There was an envelope there, too. That was good. â€Å"Alice,† I asked slowly, without turning, keeping my voice level. â€Å"If I write a letter for my mother, would you give it to her? Leave it at the house, I mean.† â€Å"Sure, Bella.† Her voice was careful. She could see me coming apart at the seams. I had to keep my emotions under better control. I went into the bedroom again, and knelt next to the little bedside table to write. â€Å"Edward,† I wrote. My hand was shaking, the letters were hardly legible. I love you. I am so sorry. He has my mom, and I have to try. I know it may not work. I am so very, very sorry. Don't be angry with Alice and Jasper. If I get away from them it will be a miracle. Tell them thank you for me. Alice especially, please. And please, please, don't come after him. That's what he wants. I think. I can't bear it if anyone has to be hurt because of me, especially you. Please, this is the only thing I can ask you now. For me. I love you. Forgive me. Bella I folded the letter carefully, and sealed it in the envelope. Eventually he would find it. I only hoped he would understand, and listen to me just this once. And then I carefully sealed away my heart.

Mount Kilauea

Mount Kilauea is the most famous volcano in Hawaii. It resides in the southeast in Mauna Loa. This volcano has one of the biggest craters of all volcanoes, consisting of 3,646 feet deep. It has an 8 mile circumference and is encompassed entirely by an enormous â€Å"wall of volcanic rock 200 to 500 ft high† (Mount Kilauea). â€Å"Mount Kilauea is a low and flat shield volcano that rises only 1,247 meters above sea level. Till date, the Kilauea volcano is the most active and the most visited volcano in the world† (Oak, By Manali). Mount Kilauea is the youngest volcano in Hawaii. It has a lava level of 740 ft. nder the rim. â€Å"Kilauea was formed under a hot spot under the crust. So were the other volcanoes on the Big Island such as Kohala, Mauna Kea, Mauna Loa, and Hualalai. There have been 34 eruptions since 1952 and 61 eruptions total† (Mount Kilauea). Hawaii has eight volcanoes and for the moment consists of 4,038 square miles. This will not be the case for long though, because thanks to Mount Kilauea, approximately forty-two acres are added each year from the eruptions. Mount Kilauea is only one of the five still-active volcanoes in Hawaii, but it is definitely the most famous. This is due to a variety of reasons but not the least of which is the belief that the Mount Kilauea Volcano is the resting place of the infamous fire goddess Pele. Pele is a very interesting character in Hawaiian history. There are many stories but one of the most common stories tell of how she was born to a family with six sisters and was exiled for fighting with her elder sister Na-maka-o-Kaha’I and for seducing her husband. Assumed dead by her family she made her way to Hawaii where she dug numerous fire pits, eventually creating the Haleakala Volcano. When she did this her older sister realized that she was still alive and went to kill her. â€Å"She succeeded in an epic battle of natural forces. Legend says her bones remain as a hill called Ka-iwi-o-Pele† (Pele). When she died she became a god and settled in â€Å"her final and eternal fire pit†, Mount Kilauea (Pele). Legend also says that she still appears from time to time before eruptions to seduce young men ever closer to her volcano, sealing their doom. In two hundred forty-five years the infamous Mount Kilauea has erupted 62 times. An eruption begun in 1983 is still in process to this day. The eruptions at Mount Kilauea occur mainly from either the summit caldera or along the East and Southwest rift zones, which run parallel to the coastline† (Oak, By Manali). Most of the lava flows to the Pacific Ocean shore. â€Å"Much of the surface of Kilauea is comprised of lava that is around 1,000 years old while some part of the surface is about 600 years old† (Oak, By Manali). The little moisture that is gathered from the trade winds of the northeast is pushed away constantly by Mount Kilauea. This process has caused the surrounding region to be in a fairly constant rain shadow. Another thing about the volcano is that it gives off sulfur dioxide whenever it erupts. â€Å"These factors produce a desert effect in the Kilauea region. The winds that flow in this region carry along the ash produced by the volcano, causing dunes and dust storms† (Oak, By Manali). Mt. Kilauea volcano has a complex system for magma plumbing. It extends all the way to the surface from about 60 km below the surface of the Earth. The lava is of the type basalt and it erupts from the volcano cone, flowing through system of tubes down the Pulama Pali, which is about 11 km to the sea. Mount Kilauea is a volcano that will not be soon forgotten, especially since it is still one of the most active volcanoes in the world. It brings tourists from all over. They come to appreciate an infamously active volcano in its element. Even today we still have things to discover about it. â€Å"The Hawaiian Volcano laboratory has been set up to enable the researchers in volcanology to study the mount Kilauea volcano† (Oak, By Manali). It continues to interest scientists across the world. The Mt. Kilauea volcano, believed as being the present home of the volcano goddess, Pele, is truly one of the wonders of nature.

Are Science and Religion in Conflict?

Are Science and Religion in Conflict? Indeed,a conflict does exist between science and religion however the conflict is based on the lack of acceptance and vast misconceptions which members of either side are unwilling to let go of. The conflict between science and religion exists because there is a lack of congruence between the results achieved through scientific discovery and the beliefs required by a religion to follow. This has led to the formation of two extremes i. e. either accept faith and the doctrines required by faith to be observed or accept the rational methodologies of science.In an article published by â€Å"The Atlantic†, the author is of the opinion that solving the riddle that creates the conflict between science and religion is of utmost importance for the current generation. This is because of the reason that these two schools of thought are the most influential forces and guide the way we live our lives (Alfred). Science and religion since their inception have been in a state of continuous development. However this development has been in the opposite direction i. e. nitially science studied the literature provided by religion however with the development of scientific research, certain religious concepts remained unproven because they were considered â€Å"Abstract† by science. This has led to people accepting one side to be true and the other false (Alfred). There is a conflict between science and religion however this is because of the fact that people are hesitant to study both and stick to one side. This has led to the permanent housing of misconceptions in the minds of people and is adding fuel to the fire i. e. increasing the conflict between the two ways of life.The major reason behind the conflict between science and religion is the lack of acceptance of conclusions reached by either science or religion regarding a particular matter. If science put more light on the topic under discussion, religious scholars would de ny those facts based on the grounds that the research is â€Å"blasphemous† and contradicts basic religious principles. An article by the â€Å"Times† magazine states the Christian Church and other religions including Islam focus on key aspects of human creation such as the possession of a soul by every human being or the miracles performed by saints and â€Å"Men of God†.Science however focuses on new ways of quantifying and measuring human evolution; both the concepts create a conflict (Dan, 2006). Science has been able to prove the physical existence of emotions such as passion, anger by locating it in different parts of the brain. This contradicts with the principle followed by most religions regarding the presence of a soul in every human and how that soul is free from bodily functions etc.However acceptance of this is denied by religious scholars based on the grounds that the concept of the Afterlife is fundamental to most religions and the concept of the soul is greatly in congruence with the Afterlife (Dan, 2006). Scientific research should not be viewed as a threat to the fundamentals of a religion rather the studies should be perceived as being insightful i. e. the research further clarifies religious concepts rather than denouncing them. There are certain driving factors that govern the existence and acceptance of the conflict between science and religion.Upbringing, Education and Social behavior are some of the factors that lead to people in both the scientific and religious communities to accept that there indeed is a rift between science and religion. In an article by Elaine Howard of Rice University and Jerry Z. Park of Baylor University, they provided the results of a study they carried out which involved the selection of 21 American scientists who were considered to be among the elite of the time. They studied their attitude towards religion and deduced that all scientists i. e. hether a naturalist or social scientist, hav e different levels of acceptance towards the conflict that exists between science and religion. The acceptance is affected by their culture and extent of religious practice (Ecklund& Park, 2009). Since everyone needs something to believe in, scientists who do not belong to a strict religious background readily accept the conflict since they have devoted their life to one particular school of thought. This perception is formed after extensive research based on rational thinking and seeking proof of everything which makes scientists so skeptical about religious beliefs.Among scientists however there is a lack of acceptance towards a religion even if he/she is a believer. This is because of the perceived pressure they would receive if their peers in the scientific community were to discover this fact (Elaine, 2010). The only way to resolve the conflict is to accept religious diversity as well as the free discussion of scientific concepts without being judged as being blasphemous. It is through this open discussion that the misunderstandings that exist between scholars of both extremes be cleared.The ways the scientific concepts are taught in schools are one of the major causes of the conflict. Since the teachers do not have clear knowledge and understanding of the scientific concepts, they pass on inadequate information to the students attending. In an article named â€Å"First Year College Students’ Conflict with Religion and Science† issued by the Georgia State University, the author tells us that it is in the human nature to perceive oneself to be better than the rest. The general public tends to interpret and create their own perceptions regarding scientific concepts and religious beliefs.The self-interpretations lead to misconceptions which are major cause of the rift that exists between science and religion (Martin, 2008). The schools and teachers within those schools teach in a manner that fixes and restricts the brain of the student to think beyond what is thought. The rigid concepts become permanent with the passage of time which leads to the rejection of anything other than the closely held concepts. Science and religion develop over time, sometimes even complimenting each other. If a clear understanding of the advancements would not be obtained, there would always be room for misinterpretations.Therefore to remove the conflict at an elementary stage, teachers should encourage students to interpret scientific research however they should know what is right and what is not in order to correct the misconceptions when they arise. An Evangelist is a person who preaches faith based on his or her own perception about the beliefs fundamental to the faith. Christian evangelists have always been skeptical towards scientific concepts as well as theological theories about the creation of the world. Amos Yong carried out an analysis of various literary works related to the explanation of the conflict paradigm between science and religion.The findings were summarized in the article named â€Å"Science and Religion: Introducing the Issues, Entering the Debates – A review essay† and focused primarily on discovering ways to align the methods of the church with scientific methodologies (Yong, 2011). The study identified various conceptual frameworks that could be adopted which would align the thought process of the evangelist with scientific methodologies. Other measures that could be adopted include targeting the people lower in the hierarchy at the church. These people could be taught the concepts of science and how science can better explain religion (Yong, 2011).The only way to resolve the conflict that exists for evangelists is to align their religious beliefs with rational scientific methods. Since an evangelist is a strict believer in faith, the beliefs would always be fundamental however better scientific knowledge can help bridge the differences. Science is based on methods and the ration ale behind every phenomenon. Religion however on the other hand requires the believer to keep faith in the fundamental principles. Both present a different picture of the same thing and it is this difference in perception that has developed a conflict between science and religion.Science and Religion are two sides of the same coin. These two schools of thoughts add to each other rather than diverging. Religious concepts such as morality can be better understood through scientific research which helps understand and adhere to religion better. There is a connection of knowledge between science and religion which if strengthened is in the favor of the future of the human race. Science and religion have a point where the two schools of thoughts converge. One of the points is quality of being spiritual.Although scientists work on the basis of rationality, they still have a spiritual side which allows them to keep faith while exploring the horizons of science and reasoning. In an article titled â€Å"Science vs. Religion: What Scientists Really Think†, the author Elaine Ecklund states that even atheists have a certain level of spirituality within them. The spirituality may not necessarily be associated with keeping faith however there is a curiosity regarding the origination and formation of our plant and existence (Elaine, 2010). The spiritual side within scientists is promoted by their upbringing and education.The spiritual side makes them interested in religious beliefs. Through their scientific approach and belief in religious concepts, it makes it easier for them to focus on scientific research and proving religious concepts to be accurate (Elaine, 2010). Therefore spirituality leads to a better scientific reasoning approach to be adopted. Through religious involvement scientific research can be refined and complex questions can be answered. Morality and reality go hand in hand. Morality is the set of values and attitudes that are generally acceptable by a particular society for a particular moment in time.Religion requires a greater focus on displaying moral behavior. Morality can be better displayed by understanding reality and how it is affected by moral thinking. Morality is required by religion whereas reality is explained by science proving that there is a deeper link rather than a conflict. Through scientific reasoning we are able to deduce the right way to behave in a society. These studies can help assess what moral behavior is. The article â€Å"Religion vs. Science† outlines the scientific efforts to better understand moral behavior which helps us adhere to religious principles in a better way (Honner, 1994).Science is able to study all factors that affect behavior including societal norms, environmental conditions and personal feelings. By quantifying morality, we are able to develop a better understanding of what constitutes morality. This indicates that the relationship between science and religion is one of cl arification rather than a source of conflict (Honner, 1994). Therefore rather than thinking about a conflict being in existence, we should follow the results of scientific research and studies to better clarify religious beliefs.Through scientific research we are able to uncover and understand the abstract concepts that religion defines. Queries about our existence can be answered by a careful examination of religious concepts complimented with a thorough scientific analysis. In an article name God, creation, science, religion: the conflicts by Tom Chivers, the author tells us that scientist in order to deduce the actual age of the Earth moved to religious transcripts appearing in the Bible. Although the Bible did not provide dates however did contain information on the characteristics of the people at the time.This was a major input in the scientific breakthrough (Tom, 2009). The scientific declarations cannot be denied as they have been institutional to the development of the know ledge and understanding regarding the universe. By further considering the importance of religion we would come across certain questions that have been yet to be answered by scientific research. Through this connection we can uncover various mysteries concerning the universe and everything within it (Tom, 2009). People should develop a thorough understanding of the concepts of both extremes.Through this understanding we would be able to develop a much better connection between science and religion and resolve all mysteries which would give us a better understanding of who we are and why we exist. Referring to the first counter argument, it states that science and religion converge because a level of spirituality exists between the followers of the two extremes. The argument is refuted by the original thesis stating that although the spiritual level does exist however this would not lead to the convergence of ideas arising within the two schools of thoughts.The reason behind it is th e fact that there is a lack of acceptance of conclusions by scholars of both the extremes leading to a never ending conflict. Referring to the second counter argument, it states that science and religion add to each other in way that science leads to a better understanding of moral behavior which is a pre-requisite for religious believers. However the original thesis refutes this argument by saying that although the concepts add to each other however there are vast misconceptions in the minds of the followers of both science and religion.These misconceptions come in the middle and cause the conflict to extend rather than reaching a resolution point. Referring to the final counter argument, it states that there is no conflict between the fields because religious beliefs and knowledge acts as a basis of scientific research and discovery. This argument is challenged by the original thesis in a manner that although this can be the case however people classify themselves as being either religious or scientific. Due to this classification, the connection between science and religion cannot be established.References Alfred, N. (n. d. ). Religion and Science. Retrieved on October 4th, 2011 from http://www. theatlantic. com/magazine/archive/1925/08/religion-and-science/4220/ Dan, C. (2006). God vs. Science. Retrieved on October 4th, 2011 from http://www. time. com/time/magazine/article/0%2c9171%2c1555132%2c00. html Elaine, H. (2010). â€Å"Science vs. Religion† discovers what scientists really think about religion. Retrieved on October 4th, 2011 from http://www. washingtonpost. com/wpdyn/content/article/2010/05/28/AR2010052801856. tml Ecklund, E. , & Park, J. Z. (2009). Conflict Between Religion and Science Among Academic Scientists?. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, 48(2), 276-292. doi:10. 1111/j. 1468-5906. 2009. 01447. x Honner, J. (1994). Science vs. religion (II). Commonweal, 121(16), 14. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Martin-Hansen, L. (2008). Firs t-Year College Students’ Conflict with Religion and Science. Science & Education, 17(4), 317-357. doi:10. 1007/s11191-006-9039-5 Tom, C. (2009). God, creation, science,